Understand that making a hologram requires the recording of interference patterns between light. Development of digital holography opened new ways of both transparent and opaque objects nondestructive study. The seidel aberrations are described as they apply to holography. Digital holography technique allows recording and reconstruction of threedimensional images of real objects, since a hologram presents both the intensity and phase information about the object. A laser beam identical to the reference beam is used for reconstruction of the object. Construction and reconstruction of image on hologram for. Additional requirements include a powerful, coherent, monochromatic light source e. Oct 18, 2016 the video lecture will explain how a hologram is made. Threedimensional 3d object tomography from a twodimensional recorded hologram is a process of highdimensional data inference from undersampled data.
The development of new holography methods made it suitable for new industrial and scientific applications. Gabor, a new microscopic principle, nature 161, 777778 1948. Digital holography using a laser pointer and consumer. Lfcs, university of edinburgh, informatics forum, 10 crichton street, edinburgh, eh8 9ab, scotland, uk and maxwell institute for mathematical sciences, edinburgh, uk ayan mukhopadhyay institut f. If the holographic plate is illuminated after its development using the same reference wave used in the recording process, the light will diffract into three orders of diffraction if the diffraction network is sinusoidal. Penalizedlikelihood image reconstruction for digital holography. The reconstruction can be implemented optically for visualization. The aesthetic appeal and commercial usefulness of holography are both related to the. The process of producing a holographic reconstruction is explained below purely in terms. Digital holographic measurement and phase reconstruction. The object is stored in the hologram in the form of interference pattern.
Pdf dynamic digital holography for recording and reconstruction. This framework is much more flexible than existing work, in the sense that it can handle objects with multiple sections. Arrangements for left creating a hologram and right reconstructing an. Optical scanning holography osh 1 has the benefit of recording the entire threedimensional 3d volume of a specimen in the form of a two dimensional 2d hologram. Though holography is simple enough for a novice to do in his or her basement, there are still a great number of factors in the process that can ruin the holograms. The name for the technique that was developed comes from the greek word holos, meaning whole, and gramma, meaning message. Familiarize yourself with the apparatus in the holography room. I want to image rotifers with the help of a digital inline holography setup. First, digital holography can dramatically simplify the. In some instances of definition, it is as important to clarify what you. Introduction to holography download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl.
As a pinhole aperture must be placed after the led, am not sure about the. Holography modern physics lab, ucsd department of physics written by michael pollack theory. In ordinary photography we make use of lenses to focus the image on the photographic plate. Recording and reconstruction process in holography. Pdf 3d volume reconstruction technology is the new sign of future technology and communications. Pdf in this work, we present the optical recording and reconstruction of dynamic 3d digital. May 04, 1993 the incident light is focussed onto the mirror at this point so that the illuminating beam for the hologram construction always appears to diverge from it. Construction and reconstruction of image on hologram in holography the process of image formatter consist of two types. The beam reflected from the object is called object beam and the other one. Holography 1 holography introduction and background the aesthetic appeal and commercial usefulness of holography are both related to the ability of a hologram to store a threedimensional image. By demanding that this endpoint can be transformed to a simple.
Osa reconstruction of sectional images in holography using. Numerical reconstruction of digital holograms with variable. Digital holography is an attractive method for instantaneous measurement of threedimensional 3d objects and numerical reconstruction of the 3d objects after the recording. Holography is a technique that enables a light field, which is generally the product of a light source scattered off objects, to be recorded and later reconstructed when the original light field is no longer present, due to the absence of the original objects. Compared with conventional methods, digital holography has some obvious advantages.
Here we describe a new method for numerically reconstructing. The term hologram is a combination of the greek words holos complete and gram message holography is a process for recording and displaying threedimensional information without lenses therefore holography opens up completely new possibilities in science, engineering, graphics and arts. Holography 1 holography introduction and background the. Digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms. The optics table has been divided into two partitions which allows a specific setup to remain intact. This article describes the principles and major applications of digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms digital holography. This paper discusses the reconstruction of sectional images from a hologram generated by optical scanning holography.
Reconstruction of the original volume can be accomplished by applying digital reconstruction or decoding techniques. The positive print is only a 2d record of light intensity. Single shot digital holography using iterative reconstruction. Dec 05, 2017 this is small topic of engineering physics. Pdf 3d volume reconstruction using hologram researchgate. Holography accomplishes such a reconstruction by recording the phase content as well as the amplitude content of the reflected light waves of a laser beam. Because phase is a relative property, construction of a. Recording and reconstruction of transmission holograms to create a transmission hologram, split the laser beam into two. Holography uses an interference pattern to encode and record an image. Gabor in 1948, it initially aimed at solving the resolution problem of electron microscope with coaxial holography inline hologram. It permits the construction of embedded hypersurfaces. Indeed, reconstruction in different adjustment planes is only appropriate if the sampling pitch of the image remains constant.
In this sense the proposed methodology for digital holographic image reconstruction goes beyond numerically mimicking the traditional film based holographic replay. Introduction to holography download ebook pdf, epub. Realtime construction and reconstruction of fresnel holograms is demonstrated using an opticallyaddressable ferroelectric liquidcrystal spatial light modulator. A hologram is a physical recording of an interference pattern which uses diffraction to. Holography october, 2006 overview since the last writing 2002, many changes and improvements have been made during the past few years. It will explain the recording and reconstruction processes in holography.
Digital holography using a laser pointer and consumer digital camera report date. To fully understand the history of holography you need to have a basic idea of what a hologram is. Single shot digital holography using iterative reconstruction with alternating updates of amplitude and phase dennis j. In some instances of definition, it is as important to clarify what you are not describing as what you are. The video lecture will explain how a hologram is made. The advantages and limitations of common wave propagation methods are discussed. The term hologram is a combination of the greek words holos complete and gram message holography is a process for recording and displaying three dimensional information without lenses therefore holography opens up completely new possibilities in science, engineering, graphics and arts. Digital inline holographic microscopy jorge garciasucerquia, wenbo xu, stephan k. The theory behind holography is rather straightforward and based on the fact that information recorded in the emulsion of photographic or holographic film is caused by the intensity, not the phase, of the electromagnetic wave incident on the film. That point therefore constitutes a substantially fixed apparent beam source position which remains stationary relative to the film over which the beam is scanned. Holography is now offered in both sessions of phys 128ab, allowing more students to perform the lab. A bright holographic image is read out due to the optical separation between the write and read sides by a dielectric mirror.
Construction and reconstruction of image on hologram. Digital holographic measurement and phase reconstruction of. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Methods of digital reconstruction by convolution are currently used in digital holographic microscopy. For the purposes of reconstruction, the hologram can be illuminated with white light and viewed in reflection. Sep 30, 2010 history of holography invented in 1948 by dennis gabor for use in electron microscopy, before the invention of the laser leith and upatnieks 1962 applied laser light to holography and introduced an important offaxis technique. As such, recently, techniques developed in the field of compressive sensing and sparse representation have been applied for this task. The discussion in this chapter will also make clear the need for a cylindrical shaped hologram, and explain its advantages and disadvantages. Principles and techniques of digital holographic microscopy. In this paper, a digital hologram reconstruction process is investigated. For audio rendition, the wave field synthesis is the most related procedure. Because holographic image reconstruction is an illposed problem, our statistical technique is based on penalizedlikelihood estimation.
In the case of a spherical wave, it would be necessary to take the curvature of the wave front into account and to multiply by an. This beam is identical to reference beam used in construction of hologram. Atomic holography has evolved out of the development of the basic elements of atom optics. In conventional photography, a negative is made first and using it a positive print is produced later.
The reconstruction of the object field encoded within the hologram is based on the principle of light diffraction. The ordinary photograph gives us only a two dimensional image of the object. Whenever required the object can be viewed by illuminating the hologram as shown in the figure below 2. Reconstruction guarantees for compressive tomographic. Creating your own illusion lab manual sarah honorowski 01, shialing kwa 01 and shane smith 02.
Recording and reconstruction of holograms 2 22603 phywe series of publications laboratory experiments physics phywe systeme gmbh 37070 gottingen, germany transmission hologram perform the experimental setup according to fig. Reconstruction guarantees for compressive tomographic holography. Because phase is a relative property, construction of a hologram requires a reference beam in addition to the light re. Department of physics, stanford university, stanford, california 943054060 suitp9924 3 june 1999 hepth9906022 abstract we provide a backgroundindependent formulation of the holographic principle. Reconstruction of sectional images in holography using. During reconstruction, depending on the orientation of the. History of holography invented in 1948 by dennis gabor for use in electron microscopy, before the invention of the laser leith and upatnieks 1962 applied laser light to holography and introduced an important offaxis technique. Recording and reconstruction process in holography winner. Numerical reconstruction of digital holograms with. Holography 393 physics labs instruments 399 laboratory equipments 271 index 416 holography holmarc instruments recording transmission hologram 2. Completing the reconstruction of the pure gravity sector and beyond 52. Review of digital holography reconstruction methods.
Reconstruction of image in the reconstruction process, the hologram is illuminated by laser beam and this beam is called reconstruction beam. Dynamics after a spatially localized optical excitation pdf. While many applications of compressive sensing for tomography from digital holograms have been demonstrated. Weiner 1sandia national laboratories, 1515 eubank blvd. Derived from the greek word holos meaning whole, the term hologram means simply a complete picture.
The general idea of acoustic holography has led to different versions such as nearfield acoustic holography nah and statistically optimal nearfield acoustic holography sonah. Optimized image reconstruction in digital holography. Methods of recognition of an aberrated holographic reconstruction are described, as well as a recognition of the type of. Reconstruction enhancements with optical scanning holography. Digital inline holography with numerical reconstruction. Digital inline holography with numerical reconstruction has been developed in our group into a tool that routinely achieves both lateral and depth resolution at and below the micron level.
First, the basic results from the general theory of holography, based on the scalar diffraction theory, are summarized, and a general description of the digital holographic microscopy process is. We present a mathematical model for the holographic image capture, which facilitates the use of inverse imaging techniques to recover individual sections. Holography techniques free download as powerpoint presentation. Penalizedlikelihood image reconstruction for digital. Digital holography became feasible since charged coupled devices ccds with suitable numbers and sizes of pixels and computers with suf. The incident light is focussed onto the mirror at this point so that the illuminating beam for the hologram construction always appears to diverge from it. Pdf holography is the science of making holograms which are usually intended for displaying three dimensional images. Familiarity and proper planning will save time during construction and alignment, and reward you with excellent results. After invention of holography by dennis gabor in 1947 it is widely used in various areas. More complete discussions of the theory are in references 1, 2, 3.
Click download or read online button to get introduction to holography book now. However, its presence degrades the primary wave and prevents getting a high quality hologram. Unlike ordinary photographs, holograms record both phase and amplitude information. The focussing takes place only in a single plane and all other planes are out of focus. The techniques and principles of holography have been modi. Gabor and invention of principles of optical holography. Listen to jason arthur sapan talk about the history of holography on gizmodo. At this point, it must be noted that in this calculation it is not obligatory to take the reference beam into account if it is plane and uniform, contrary to the case of physical reconstruction using a laser which requires illumination with a reference beam. Holography is the recording construction of wavefront inter ference patterns created by coherent laser light sources and the replay reconstruction of these patterns as visual images or other forms of wave media. Furst, np discovered by the hungarian dennis gabor in 1948, holography is based on the concept of interference.
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