Boiler tubes thickness pressure equation and calculator. Some of the many factors to consider are tubesheet thickness and what type of tubesheet will be used, i. Comparison of design and analysis of tube sheet thickness by. As per tema code the tube sheet thickness at maximum effective pressure is 73.
The method treats both fixed and floatinghead stationary tubesheets and utube tubesheets. Paper open access tube bundle buckling analysis with support. In our sugar industry the solvent is juice, heat is supplied. Lightweight design of the tubesheet of a high pressure u. Tubesheet thickness calculation for shell and tube heat. From calculation results according to uhx code the most critical load case is load case 6 that is shell side pressure acting along with differential thermal expansion. Tube expansion evaluation and measurement of processing for. Calculate the minimum required wall thickness of a water tube boiler 2. This excess is what generates the pressure to jump up to the mawp.
Roberto ruiz ensa engineering department avda juan carlos i, 8, 39600. Tubesheet thickness calculation tubesheet thickness calculation morest industrial op 30 nov 12 20. Finite element analysis of a tubesheet with considering. For fixed tubesheet heat exchangers, of interest here, the ratio, x, of the axial tubebundle stiffness to the effective tubesheet bending stiffness is an important parameter. Supplementary specification to api standard 660 shell and. Tubesheets remarks diameter range material specifications thickness range material specifications thickness range maximum ratio tube diameterthickness minimum ratio of tubesheet thickness to tube diameter. Actual stresses in tubesheet and shellsappendix 12. This is the main reason why new tubesheet design rules were developed in 1981 in france for the french pressure vessel code codap.
Basis of the tubesheet heat exchanger design rules used in. The calculation of fixed tubesheet exchangers according to. Pdhonline course m371 2 pdh shell and tube heat exchangers. Changes in required tubesheet thickness often thicker vs tema have been noted by designers. Maximum external pressure calculation per paragraph ug28. Enrique gomez ensa engineering department avda juan carlos i, 8, 39600 maliano, cantabria, spain tel. The thermal skin stress is calculated using equation 24 from a8153.
Tubesheet specification and finite element model the reactor tubesheet considered is the largest and heaviest heat exchanger in a plant, a chemical reactor with 3200 tubes. On the design of the tubesheet and the tubesheettoshell. Issn 2348 7968 optimization of tubesheet thickness of. Tm6 basic principles of tube expanding elliott tool. The outside diameter a used for the tubesheet calculations shall not exceed the diameter at which the thickness of the tubesheet extension is. It has to be noted that since the uhx and the tema standards are based on the gardners method, in both standards a high tubesheet thickness. A simple tubesheet layout program for heat exchangers. Therefore, the lightweight of the tubesheet has become the focus of tubesheet design research. Tema v uhx tubesheet design boiler and pressure vessel. Heat exchanger, thermal analysis, structural deformation, optimization. Tubesheet thickness calculation for shell and tube heat exchanger posted in free for all. The reason is attributed to the oversimplified mechanical model for the calculation of the tubesheet thickness especially the insufficient consideration of the tube support to the tubesheet.
Optimization of tubesheet thickness of shell and tube heat. A fixedtube sheet heat exchanger has straight tubes that are secured at both. As one end of the tube bundle is float, the heat exchanger can be guaranteed safety even under the extreme heat cycle. Tubesheets remarks diameter range material specifications thickness range material specifications thickness range maximum ratio tube diameter thickness minimum ratio of tubesheet thickness to tube diameter. Pdf strength analysis of tube to tube sheet joint in shell and. Tema v uhx tubesheet design eliebl mechanical 3 oct 07 09. Calculate the required heat transfer area based on values needed.
This calculation is based on the gardners theory 19481952, also considered in appendix a of the tema standards previously generally used in. Proposed extension of the tema tubesheet design method to. Flexible connection of tubesheet to shell provides for differential expansion between shell and tubes, acts as a flexible element and gives good fatigue resistance full thickness tubetotubesheet weld provides tubesheet integrity, eliminates the crevice on water side and ensures the stress in the weld is the same as that in the tubesheet. Supplementary specification to api standard 660 shellandtube heat exchangers page 4 of 63 s614 december 2018. The strength calculation of heads are one of the frequently performed calculations since most equipment consist of one or two of them. For exchangers with multiple tube passes, the channels are fitted with flat metal plates which divide the head into separate compartments. The output tube counts for these configurations are 496 and 560.
A method for computing the thickness of a tubesheet extension rim used as a flange is proposed. It is necessary to do mathematical calculation to obtained results because the mathematical calculations are the base of any results. The totel tubesheet construction can be seer as consisting in two ports. Hey everyone, im looking for some spreadsheet about uhx or tema or ad 2000 b5 tubesheet thickness calculation. Up to eight design conditions can be investigated for fixed, utube, kettle and floating tubesheet style exchangers. Dear all,i faced the problem in caculation of tubsheet thickness calculation for shell and tube heat exchanger. Investigation and repair of a heat exchanger tubesheettochannel flange. The head thickness page is an example page to calculate the wall thickness of heads, ellipsoidal, torispherical, kloepper and korbbogen heads. Shell and tube heat exchangers basic calculations pdh online. It also specifies tolerances for tube hole diameter, ligament width and for drill drift. The former includes fluid pressure and metal thermal gradient. The result of stresses at the tubesheet, shell and channel are calculated from this software.
The shell thickness can be calculated from the equation below based on the. Two exchangers in series can be modeled in one shell. International journal on recent technologies in mechanical. Port inside diameter for kettle type hefor other type tubesheets 1 c 1 0. For fixed tubesheet heat exchangers, the new rules account for the elastic rotational restraint of the shell and channel at the outer edge. Heat exchanger calculations and design with excel spreadsheet.
International journal on recent technologies in mechanical and electrical engineering ijrmee issn. If you need asme uhx and tema mechanical design calculations, drawings and reports then the compress heat exchanger option is for you. Plastic load evaluation for a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger. The thickness of the tubesheet depends on the two major factors. Tema gives design rules to calculate the tubesheet thickness, which give similar but not identical results to the rules in asme and bs5500. Calculation codes are asme, dutch rules and the en euronorm. Minimum tubesheet yield stresstube yield stress note. They will also calculate the number of tubes needed for a shell and tube heat exchanger and to calculate the pipe length needed for a double pipe heat exchanger. In pressure vessel design by formula procedures, for example asme. The purpose of this specification is to define a minimum common set of supplementary requirements for the specification for procurement of shellandtube heat exchangers in accordance withapi standard 660 9. Tubesheet strength calculation is important work in design of heat exchangers.
Download the excel spreadsheet templates in this article to make preliminary heat exchanger design calculations. For configuration b, the thickness of the flanged extension requires calculation if it is expected that the tubesheet will be operated or tested with one component shellside or tubeside attached and one component removed such that the tubesheet will be subjected to an overturning bolting moment. Tubesheet layout for 4 pass mixed horizontal pitch 31. Tubesheet, loading conditions 1 corroded normal condition without expansion joint. U tube heat exchanger usually designed according to the asme code, section viii, division 1. The shear formula does not control the tube sheet thickness when. The required thickness due to bending can be calculated by. In order to investigate the optimized tube sheet thickness different methodologies are used. Issn 2348 7968 optimization of tubesheet thickness of shell. Part of the design process includes the determination of the amount of tubes to be used in the heat exchanger. Asme section iii stress analysis of a heat exchanger. The tube thickness reduction rate and tube inner diameter growth rate are the two general methods for measuring the degree of tube expansion.
Dear experts, i need to do tube to tubesheet welding for cs steel that is tubesheet material is sa 516 gr. Mechanical design of shell and tube type heat exchanger. Objective of this paper is to analyse the temperature variation at the junction of shell to tubesheet junction in shell and tube heat exchanger and optimization of tubesheet thickness. In this paper, a 3d finite element model was established for a utube heat exchanger consisting of tubesheet, tubechannel, part of shell and tubes. Different methods are available for the attachment of the tube end to the tubesheet. When dealing with shell and tube heat exchangers, it is important to. The tubesheet shall be of uniform thickness, except that the thickness of a tubesheet extension as determined in 4. We use pv elite or compress to design heat exchangers.
E thermal engineering part time, university college of engg. Dimensions, properties, and basic material information, are given in reference 5 and summarized. Good practice for heat exchanger selection and design page 4 of 12 use one tube pass per shell pure counter current. Plastic load evaluation for a fixed tube sheet heat. Numerical examples illustrate the calculation method. Paper open access tube bundle buckling analysis with. Good practice for heat exchanger selection and design. Pdf investigation of the expansion requirement of tube to.
International journal of mechanical engineering and. Evaporator design consists of three principal elements. The thickness of these plates depends on channel diameter but is usually 9 to 16 mm for carbon and low alloy steels and 6 to mm for the more expensive alloys. For the mechanical design of existing fixed tube sheet heat exchanger of a waste heat boiler various code solutions are compared with each other. Flexible connection of tubesheet to shell provides for differential expansion between shell and tubes, acts as a flexible element and gives good fatigue resistance full thickness tubeto tubesheet weld provides tubesheet integrity, eliminates the crevice on water side and ensures the stress in the weld is the same as that in the tubesheet. Tubesheet, loading conditions 1 corroded normal condition without. Investigation of the expansion requirement of tube to tubesheet r olling fitting 2 projection in front of tubesheet has slight effect on the interfacial residual contact stress, merah et al 15. The object of evaporation may be to concentrate a solution containing the desired product or to recover the solvent. Study of the tubesheet design of a multitubular reactor. Pdf investigation and repair of a heat exchanger tubesheet. Other factors to consider are whether or not to seal weld, expand only, strength weld or use some combination of these and what should be. The maximum allowable working pressure mawp is 580 psi gauge. Shell and tube heat exchangers are complex and more expensive than ordinary pressure vessels.
This high load u tube heat exchanger can prevent the stress damage caused by container inflation during the process of heating or cooling. The partition plate thickness, tie rod diameter and number of tie rods are. Asme section iii stress analysis of a heat exchanger tubesheet. The calculation of the tube side metal temperature requires the.
Paper open access research on lightweight of the high. The mawp is a consequence of over thickness due to. Clause uhx of asme section viii division 1 defines the rules for the calculation of tubesheets in shell and tube heat exchangers. Asme section iii stress analysis of a heat exchanger tubesheet with a misdrilled hole and irregular or thin ligaments dr. Asme manufacturer example calculation paget equipment. Shear and bending stresses are present in all types of tubesheets. Heat exchangers jordan university of science and technology.
1216 1147 1015 1021 1109 1193 895 263 1187 469 345 1118 475 305 157 949 440 697 360 975 950 444 157 1126 1040 619 591 933 1255 258 16 773 896 544 437 1025 836 1480 1068 1230 620 88 691 14 159 923 400 313 237